The Need to Use Classroom Computers More Efficiently :: Education Teaching

The Need to Use Classroom Computers More Efficiently Author Clifford Stoll has chosen to explore the value of today's technology in the classroom. In his article, "On Classrooms, With and Without Computers", he makes a claim of value in the first sentence by questioning "How well does our new technology fit into the classroom?" (413). With this question he effectively identifies his purpose and audience as a broad-based readership of students, teachers, administrators, and parents. These concerned readers are immediately drawn in by his abrupt claim; however, he may eliminate a more general or deeply intellectual audience by making his claim so readily apparent. Stoll asks his readership to explore the positive and negative outcomes of relying heavily on computers as a form of education. Although it is unclear in the beginning of his discussion which side he will take, he later expresses a sincere concern for the consequences of our growing dependency on this style of teaching. Because of this, his opening paragraph is a strikingly pow erful lead. Moving from this nicely articulated claim to his support, Stoll relies on an underlying assumption to establish the logic of his argument. His stated warrant "If a child doesn't have a questioning mind, what good does all this networked technology do?" (415), stimulates the readers' ethical concern that their children receive adequate education before incorporating technological advancements into the classroom. Stoll continues to evaluate the excessive use of computers by describing how simple tasks, such as finding pizza prices for a geography project, prove to be the wrong use of resources. Using pizza as an example works well for the reader because it's a simple analogy to which they find easier to relate. Stoll is also careful to define certain phrases used in the computer debate; for example, when he uses the phrase "What do we mean by computer literacy?" (414). He breaks away from his original argument in his essay to clarify this term for his readers. By doing this, he success fully identifies their need for a clear explanation of such widely used phrases before he attempts to debate it. He avoids confusing his audience by recognizing their need for definition. Although an academic readership may find this pause to serve as an unnecessary interruption, his target audience will appreciate his display of sincere concern for their understanding. Defining such terms first, enables him to use them more convincingly later in his article. The Need to Use Classroom Computers More Efficiently :: Education Teaching The Need to Use Classroom Computers More Efficiently Author Clifford Stoll has chosen to explore the value of today's technology in the classroom. In his article, "On Classrooms, With and Without Computers", he makes a claim of value in the first sentence by questioning "How well does our new technology fit into the classroom?" (413). With this question he effectively identifies his purpose and audience as a broad-based readership of students, teachers, administrators, and parents. These concerned readers are immediately drawn in by his abrupt claim; however, he may eliminate a more general or deeply intellectual audience by making his claim so readily apparent. Stoll asks his readership to explore the positive and negative outcomes of relying heavily on computers as a form of education. Although it is unclear in the beginning of his discussion which side he will take, he later expresses a sincere concern for the consequences of our growing dependency on this style of teaching. Because of this, his opening paragraph is a strikingly pow erful lead. Moving from this nicely articulated claim to his support, Stoll relies on an underlying assumption to establish the logic of his argument. His stated warrant "If a child doesn't have a questioning mind, what good does all this networked technology do?" (415), stimulates the readers' ethical concern that their children receive adequate education before incorporating technological advancements into the classroom. Stoll continues to evaluate the excessive use of computers by describing how simple tasks, such as finding pizza prices for a geography project, prove to be the wrong use of resources. Using pizza as an example works well for the reader because it's a simple analogy to which they find easier to relate. Stoll is also careful to define certain phrases used in the computer debate; for example, when he uses the phrase "What do we mean by computer literacy?" (414). He breaks away from his original argument in his essay to clarify this term for his readers. By doing this, he success fully identifies their need for a clear explanation of such widely used phrases before he attempts to debate it. He avoids confusing his audience by recognizing their need for definition. Although an academic readership may find this pause to serve as an unnecessary interruption, his target audience will appreciate his display of sincere concern for their understanding. Defining such terms first, enables him to use them more convincingly later in his article.

Globalization and Social Inequality

Introduction Social inequality is an issue that is much debated today within the social sciences, as well as other disciplines. Although very few would deny that social inequality exists and has always existed in human societies, it is not always clear through what mechanisms it manifests itself, along what lines it progresses, and how we can make life better for those affected by global inequalities. The question remains whether or not the world that we live in today is more equal than what people have experienced in the past. Although some might argue that Western development brings with it more equal rights, it is doubtful that this is actually the case. In recent years, we have witnessed a phenomenon called globalization which is, in short, a â€Å"widening and deepening of the international flows of trade, capital, technology and information within a single integrated global market (Petras and Veltmeyer 2001, p11).† Globalization has brought with it significant changes in the way peop le and nations relate to one another. In many cases, it has created new patterns of inequality, as well as reinforced old ones. The purpose of this paper is to investigate some of the effects of globalization and critically analyse them. I will argue that currently we do not live in a more equal world and neither are we moving towards greater equality. Rather, I argue that, through globalization, inequalities are exacerbated due to capitalism and the unequal flow of markets. This paper will look at how inequalities have evolved over the last two hundred years, why they have occurred, and how the pattern of inequality looks like today. Kaplinsky (2005, p 28) and Jolly (2005) note that as early as 1776, economists such as Adam Smith became preoccupied with the issue of poverty and its consequences on inequality. During the 18th and the 19th century in England it was well-known that for every handful of rich aristocrats there were hundreds or even thousands of poor people. With the advance of industrialization, poverty only deepened (Jolly 2005). Karl Marx illustrated the problem perfectly by outlining the issue of the bourgeoisie owning the means of production, while workers sell their labour for minimal wages. Petras and Veltmeyer (2001, p 128) also stress that historically, a minority ruling class have used coercion and social institutions to control exploited people. Until the present day, this situation has not changed very much. Moreover, during the past decades, the disparities between the global North and South have become more and more evident, partly due to globalization. The movement of capital and trading agreements have mostly benefitted the developed countries, while the developing ones are forced to create economies that cater to the needs of the West. As Birdsall (2005, p 2) notes, â€Å"global markets are inherently disequalizing, making rising inequality in developing countries more rather than less likely.† This shows that we are not moving towards a more equal world. Moreover, even wealthy countries, such as the U.S. experience growing poverty rates within their own borders (Dillon 2010). Dillon (2010, p 60) stresses that â€Å"economic inequality has in fact grown since the late 1980s, as has the gap between the highest and the lowest income groups,† while Butler and Watt (2007, p 112) even call poverty rates in the U.S. â€Å"extreme.† It is evident from these accounts that unfortunately, unless measures will be taken, inequality will increase and dreams of an equal world are moving farther away. The reality is that we live in an unequal world. There is an abundance of social issues that are caused by widespread inequality. Discrimination today manifests itself through the lines of class, gender, race, age, nationality, and other factors. Due to length limitations, this paper mostly focuses on economic inequalities. These are especially poignant when we look at the way people live in underdeveloped countries. This is a direct consequence of colonialism and the quest of the Western world to expand and develop their economic system. However, the expansion of the markets rewards only those who have more assets, such as financial and human capital (Birdsall 2005, p 3). Also, poor nations cannot attract investment and diversification, without a stable middle class and economic institutions. Consequently, the price of their exports declines and they fail to grow (Birdsall 2005, p 3). This is just an example of how globalization reinforces inequality. If markets are let to operate f reely, as they do today, the world will become more unequal. Underdeveloped countries have not become more equal since interaction with the West has intensified. Beer and Boswell (2002, p 31) also stress that â€Å"disproportionate control over host economies by transnational corporations increases inequality by altering the development patterns of these nations.† Although some might think that international corporations can improve a developing country’s economy, this is not necessarily true. It is evident then, that the path that is nowadays advocated by many here in the Western world, does not serve the purpose of a more equal world. On the contrary, it exacerbates global inequalities. The causes of growing inequality in today’s world are diverse and often not very easy to identify. However, the main cause might be the capitalist system that has spread internationally, oftentimes to the benefit of few and the exploitation of many. Trade between rich and poor nations creates patterns of dependency and unequal exchanges, leading to high income inequalities between the two (Beer and Boswell 2002, p 33). Despite the current emphasis on trade agreements and flows of trade that increasingly deepen, time and time again it has been stressed that this process creates inequalities and is detrimental to developing countries. In addition, the markets often fail. Some notable examples are the financial crises in Mexico, Thailand, Korea, Russian, Brazil and Argentina that took place in the 1990s (Birdsall 2005). Also, when a recession hits, the lower classes are the most affected. In turn, this leads to even greater inequalities between the rich and the poor. There are many mechanisms through which capital and the markets contribute to a less equal world in our present time. Investment often causes disparities between foreign and domestic sectors. Also, international corporations usually do not reinvest profits in the local economies. Governments in developing countries adopt policies that prevent the lower classes from moving upwards, while at the same time they encourage the formation of a â€Å"managerial elite (Beer and Boswell 2002, p 33).† For those concerned about equality, it is alarming that neither foreign investors nor local governments fully understand the consequences of their actions. If this kind of policies will keep being implemented, levels of inequality will certainly increase. As Petras and Veltmeyer (2001) note, the politics of the Western Right are also at fault for the direction towards which we are heading. They say that the Right engages in â€Å"class warfare† through privatization and the concentr ation of power in the hands of few (Petras and Veltmeyer 2001, p 148). Thus, social institutions, as well as economic policies serve the interests of wealthy corporations. The focus of present neoliberal politics is not to decrease income disparities, but to increase the wealth of the few. Staying on the same course guarantees that the world will become less and less equal. I have argued that we do not live and a more equal world. On the contrary, the globalization of markets has had a negative impact on the livelihoods of many. The effects of capitalism had started being seen a long time ago. Income disparities always existed between those who own the means of production (the bourgeoisie) and the workers that work in their factories. The income gap between the lower class and the upper class increased steadily with time. In addition, global exploration and colonization has led to even greater disparities between the West and the colonies. Under the current system, developing countries find it almost impossible to reach the same level of wealth and stability as Western countries. However, even developed countries have growing poverty rates within their own borders. These rates have been increasing over the past years, while the gap between the rich and the poor is widening. The world is becoming a less equal place. The free flow of markets and an unregu lated capitalist system are mainly to blame for income inequalities. Poor nations have become dependent on rich nations and economic crises affect lower classes the most. With both corporations and national governments driven by profit, no one looks at the long-term effects that trade has on inequality. Moreover, the rise of neoliberal politics in the West encourages the maintenance of the same pattern of increased inequality and dependency. Despite the optimism of some, the truth is that globalization, as it is occurring today, is only increasing disparities between classes, between nations, and between the global North and South. The evidence shows that the world is at least as unequal as it was two hundred years ago. Current economic policies will only serve to make it less and less equal. If drastic measures are not taken soon, there is little hope that our world will become a more equitable place. References Butler, T. and Watt, P. 2007. Understanding Social Inequality. London: Sage. Beer, L. and Boswell, T. 2002. The resilience of dependency effects in explaining income inequality in the global economy: a cross national analysis, 1975-1995. Journal of World Systems Research, 8(1), pp.30-61. Birdsall, N. 2006. Rising inequality in the new global economy. International Journal of Development Issues, 5(1), pp.1-9. Dillon, M. 2010. Introduction to Sociological Theory: Theorists, concepts and their applicability to the twenty-first century. Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell. Jolly, R. 2005. Global inequality in historical perspective. WIDER (World Institute for Development Economic Research) Angle, 2. Kaplinski, R. 2005. Globalization, Poverty and Inequality: Between a Rock and a Hard Place. Cambridge: Polity.

Analyzing Marxs The Communist Manifesto - 1180 Words

The Communist Manifesto - Marx A spectre is haunting Europe the spectre of Communism (Marx and Engles). So begins the title of one of the most famous books in modern history if not as a literary giant, as an idea that changed the social and political make up of the entire world. Karl Marx and Friedrich Engles wrote The Communist Manifesto in response to their views of the social and working conditions of Europe after the Industrial Revolution changed the view of labor and commodities. For Marx, history was defined as nothing more than a continuous class struggle. In Ancient times, slavery changed into feudalism, then capitalism replaced feudal society, especially after the Industrial Revolution. Eventually, this class struggle would allow the workers of the world to revolt and overthrow the owners of production anf form a society with no class called communism. The conflict then, in modern society was between communism and capitalism, or between the interests of the owners of production and the laboring class. Capitalism is a system in which people (or groups of people, e.g. corporations) own the means of production and benefit from labor by keeping workers poor and uneducated. This is called exploitation, and is particularly evident when factory owners amass huge profits while workers live on subsistence wages. Because this system requires raw materials and workers continually, owners are forced to move from place to place to find both which is called imperialismShow MoreRelatedThe 19th Centuary Essay800 Words   |  4 Pagesof those reformers proposing and arguing for the reforms in his Communist Manifesto. There are a number of direct correlations between the descriptions of working conditions in 19th century Britain and Karl Marxs Communist Manifesto. p While reading one of the many articles describing working conditions in Britain during the Industrial Revolution I noticed that it has a very close links to the work of Karl Marx, Communist Manifesto. The things that Marx talked about in general in his work areRead MoreThe Rise And Fall Of Communism1843 Words   |  8 PagesThe Rise and Fall of Communism â€Å"Let the ruling classes tremble at a communist revolution. The proletarians have nothing to lose but their chains. They have a world to win, workingmen of all countries, unite!† (Karl Marx). This quote is one of the most famous political slogans excerpted from the book Communist Manifesto, which was written by Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels. It demonstrates Marx’s opinion on social classism and how he is against it by stating the imbalance between the working classRead MoreProgress is defined as movement toward a destination. Conflict is defined as being incompatible or1500 Words   |  6 Pagesin 1848 published, The Communist Manifesto, a small political work that introduces his ideas on the development of society in light of capitalism and other failed socioeconomic structures. In his work what Marx truly does is invent a new way of analyzing society, highlighting different epochs of history in which humans have clashed with one another, all while setting up a seductive case for economic structure of socialism and the political ideology that is communism. 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Karl Marx is one of the most well-known political theorists to have impacted the world. He is most well-known for his communist viewpoints, presented in his famous book The Communist Manifesto. However, most of his writing was notRead MoreSoci al Reproduction Theory And The American Education System1224 Words   |  5 PagesAmerican education system. Social and Reproduction Theories Marx, Karl, and Friedrich Engels. Manifesto of the Communist Party,. New York: International, 1948. Print. In contemporary America, there is a dominant notion that we live in a classless society. Under capitalism, Karl Marx would argue that we are undoubtedly divided at the hands of the ruling class. In the political pamphlet, The Communist Manifesto, Marx and Friedrich Engels argued that modern society is made up of two classes: the bourgeoisieRead MoreA Bug’s Life Through the Lens of Karl Marx Essay example2092 Words   |  9 PagesLife, is much more than meets the eye. The film is not only an animated comedy; it holds deep sociological theory within its plot. Many of the major themes and concepts of the movie can be viewed through the lens of the famous theorist Karl Marx. Marx’s theory is famous for focusing on how society functions. In particular he concerns himself with how capitalism, the working class, and the revolutions create problems in our society. My paper will analyze how Marxian theory and concepts fit into majorRead MoreA Bug s Life Through The Lens Of Kar l Marx2014 Words   |  9 PagesLife, is much more than meets the eye. The film is not only an animated comedy; it holds deep sociological theory within its plot. Many of the major themes and concepts of the movie can be viewed through the lens of the famous theorist Karl Marx. Marx’s theory is famous for focusing on how society functions. In particular he concerns himself with how capitalism, the working class, and the revolutions create problems in our society. My paper will analyze how Marxian theory and concepts fit into majorRead MoreThe Socialization And Dilution Of Marxist Theory Essay1701 Words   |  7 Pagesunderlying power of capital that simply purchased these ideologies and moderated them for the benefit of the bourgeoisie. Gramsci’s Neo-Marxist ideology shows the variability of social and cultural forces, which denies the economic materialism of Marx’s underlying lying theory of ownership, production, and propaganda generated by the capitalist cl asses. This is one reason why Post-WWII Marxism offers a diluted form of social and cultural analysis that moderates the effects of traditional MarxistRead MoreHobbes And Rousseau s Theory Of Ownership1136 Words   |  5 PagesHobbes understands the idea of ownership in his book â€Å"Leviathan†; what Rousseau interprets of ownership in â€Å"Discourse on the Origins of Inequality†; Marx’s views on the idea of ownership; and then answer whether or not a political society needs to protect the right to ownership. Thomas Hobbes was raised and trained to be a humanist. His approach to analyzing the body of politics was to define it as a composition of individuals and humans. In his book, â€Å"Leviathan† he considered human beings to be like

Analysis Of Tweens Ten Going On Sixteen - 1172 Words

In â€Å"Tweens: Ten Going on Sixteen,† Kay S. Hymowitz points out that in modern society kids mature too early, creating a negative trend called â€Å"tween phenomenon†; it occurs when kids become teenagers at a young age and skip preadolescence. According to Hymowitz, the evidence presents a troubling picture of tweens who are too concerned with their looks, are involved in criminal activities, are having sex, are doing drugs, and are consuming alcohol. She provides evidence to exemplify tweendom’s negative influence on both the tweens and the world around them. The author concludes that media, absentee parents, and peers are among the several complex causes of the negative trends of tweens. Although Hymowitz may sound excessively cynical, she states a reasonable case that should be considered by parents, educators, and psychologists. Without a doubt, the three most negative behavioral trends of many tweens are their need for attention, their peer group pressu re, and most importantly, their unawareness of the consequences for their irresponsible actions. The first negative trend in tweens is their need for attention because it often results in their becoming wayward. Their search for attention from overworked or inattentive parents, peers, and others on social networks has an adverse influence on their behavior. When tweens experience the lack of attention from parents, they may misbehave in many ways in order to attract the attention they crave. They would seek popularity amongShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of The Article Tweens Ten Going On Sixteen 1618 Words   |  7 PagesImagine you were ten years old. What were you doing? Were you in a park? Were you playing with toys? Now look around at ten-year old’s today. There seems to be a noticeable shift. Most of them have some sort of electronic device of their own, whether it be a smartphone or a tablet. That shift becomes even more apparent if you were ten years old, 30 years ago versus if you were ten years old only eight years ago. In the essay â€Å"Tweens: Ten Going on Sixte en,† Kay S. Hymowitz suggests that tweens are growingRead More65 Successful Harvard Business School Application Essays 2nd Edition 147256 Words   |  190 PagesBUSINESS SCHOOL HARVARD SUCCESSFUL 65 APPLICATION SECOND EDITION E S S AY S APPLICATION BUSINESS SCHOOL HARVARD SUCCESSFUL 65 ECSNS A IYI O N S SE O D ED T With Analysis by the Staff of The Harbus, the Harvard Business School Newspaper ST. MARTIN’S GRIFFIN NEW YORK 65 SUCCESSFUL HARVARD BUSINESS SCHOOL APPLICATION ESSAYS, SECOND EDITION. Copyright  © 2009 byThe Harbus News Corporation. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of AmericaRead MoreImpooving Employee Performance72019 Words   |  289 PagesPrinciples Manager as Coach Coach as Facilitator Coaching Managers Through the Appraisal Process 11. Sample Forms A Final Word Selected References Index About the Author 66 79 104 118 128 142 163 179 243 245 247 000 Foreword I was going through the attic recently, sorting through some ancient ï ¬ les. In a pile of old magazines I ran across a tattered copy of ASTD’s Training and Development Journal from 1971. I had saved it because in it was the ï ¬ rst article I ever wrote about performance

The English Renaissance The Golden Age - 1861 Words

Gloria Nealy Mrs. Robinson English 4 June 5 , 2015 The English Renaissance The English Renaissance, often known as the â€Å"Golden Age†, reflected the rebuild and change of the era prior to it. It was a cultural and artistic movement beginning in the late 15th century and lasted until the 17th century. The English Renaissance was a powerful, inspiring and known as the greatest era of British history being held for the success of literary, cultural and scientific inventions that signaled expanded new ideas and led to achievements. Renaissance ideas in England slowly impacted a lot , making the second half of the 16th century, the â€Å"Elizabethan Era†, the highlight of the English Renaissance. The time of Shakespeare was also the time of one of the most memorable monarchs, Elizabeth I. The reign of Queen Elizabeth was a comparison with the English Renaissance partially being held for it’s gloom. During her reign the structuralism of nationalism in England rapidly increased. England’s reputation of having a strong naval power ca me from their defeat of the Spanish Armada. The Queen proclaim that naval strength was a high priority. Everything began when she risked war with Spain by supporting the Sea Dogs who stole the Spanish merchants ships which carried gold and silver from the new world. When the Spaniards finally decided to invade and conquer England, a disaster evolved. Superior English shipsShow MoreRelatedThe Elizabethan Era: Years of Grand Development838 Words   |  3 PagesImagine if a certain time period did not exist, never happened, would the world still be the same? What is the importance of Elizabethan England –the Renaissance period? Benson notes, â€Å"During the early Renaissance, an era spanning from the fourteenth century to the seventeenth century, the arts in Europe blossomed into bold new forms, blending the philosophy and creative forms of the ancient civilizations of Rome and Greece with contemporary European style† (Benson 142). The Elizabethan Era is greatlyRead MoreElizabethan Poetry941 Words   |  4 PagesElizabethan Poetry I Drama dominates our syllabus but the Renaissance was a Golden Age not just for English drama, but also for English poetry. But what was English poetry? George Puttenham’s The Arte of English Poesie (1589) and Sir Philip Sidney’s The Defense of Poesie (1595): early attempts to think about English poetry as a distinct national tradition. Puttenham and Sidney were concerned to build a canon and help shape English poetry into a tradition capable of rivalling more prestigiousRead MoreMiddle Ages And Renaissance Era1081 Words   |  5 PagesMiddle Ages and Renaissance Era The Middle Ages were not known for their choice in government, ways of living, or their views on the Church. Rather, they were known for making the best of what was given to the, which was music. During the early Middle Ages, peasants stayed bound to the land they were given, but had to depend on landlords for protection. Also, many social bonds were ties of kinship, which lead to the emergence of feudalism among the warrior aristocracy (The Middle Ages: Feudal LifeRead MoreThe Elizabethan Er The Golden Age Of English History1527 Words   |  7 PagesJamie Berquist Carolyn Crumpler World History (E Block) March 13, 2015 The Elizabethan Era is depicted as the golden age in English history.   This age was marked as a renaissance which inspired English exploration, international expansion and naval triumph over England’s hated Spanish enemies ( Elizabethan Era.). Queen Elizabeth I was queen from 1558 until her death in 1603, marking the Elizabethan Era.   Her father was King Henry VIII, who ruled from 1509 until his death in 1547, and was succeededRead MoreElizabethan Poetry Essay582 Words   |  3 Pages It was during the Elizabethan age that England felt the complete effect of the Renaissance. There occurred a revival of the old and classical literature of Greece and Rome and this was manifested in the poetry of the age. The Elizabethan age was characterized by an extreme spirit of adventure, aestheticism and materialism which became the characteristic features of Elizabethan poetry. Many poets displayed their skill in versification during this time and England came to be called T he NestRead MoreCompare And Contrast Different Literature Periods1452 Words   |  6 PagesEnglish Literature Periods Literature by definition according to Oxford dictionary is the written works, especially those considered of superior or lasting artistic merit. Literature has classified into several periods. Which has affected by the surrounding events in the society in each period like economic levels, war and peace. Literature is considering as a human creation is differing from the other because of the changing in the society and language development in every period. This essayRead MoreIslams Influences on the Modern World1422 Words   |  6 PagesAfrica). Islam is currently the second most practiced religion globally. Throughout the Middles ages and the centuries leading up to them Islam was one of few lifestyles which encouraged culture, art and an open state of mind, making it a perfect breeding ground for scientific advancement and progression of the arts. Islam has shared some of the greatest discoveries and revolutions of the pre-modern age, all of which have undoubtedly assisted in the construction of the western world we inhabit. OneRead MoreMusic in Elizabethan England817 Words   |  3 Pagesthe types of Music or Songs were back in the Elizabethan ages/era in England. But first, there is a minor description about the Elizabethan era and how Queen Elizabeths rule in England influenced the music back then. Minor description because the full description would be incredibly long. Shakespeare’s play the twelfth night, and the music in there will also be included in this essay. The Elizabethan era was a very important time in english history.Queen Elizabeth the first was the royal majestyRead MoreTheater During The Elizabethan Era Essay2090 Words   |  9 PagesOwen Hatch Victoria Kendall English 4A 13 October 2016 Theater in the Elizabethan Era When people think about theater in the Elizabethan Era, people usually think of William Shakespeare first. The Elizabethan theater was so much more than just Shakespeare. Theater In this time was not only plays, but included things such as bear baiting, cock fighting and public executions (â€Å"Elizabethan Theatre†). The Elizabethan Era was during the reign of Queen Elizabeth which lasted from 1558 until 1603 (SingmanRead MoreChap 15: Europe Transformed- Reform and State Building1520 Words   |  7 Pageschallenge to the authority of the Catholic Church, in which by no means was the first crisis in churchs 1500 year history. 2. 14th century- severe economic reversals and social upheavals 3. 15th century- Renaissance: a revival of arts and letters 4. 16th century- Reformation: religious renaissance 5. Absolutism (absolute monarchy)- most evident during the reign of Louis XVI 6. 17th century - absolute and limited monarchy were the poles of state building 7. What were the main tenets of Lutheranism

Espirit Free Essays

Esprit is an international youthful lifestyle brand offering smart, affordable luxury and bringing newness and style to life (http://www. esprit. com/index. We will write a custom essay sample on Espirit or any similar topic only for you Order Now php? command=Displaynavi_id=50). With 12 product lines, the group reaches to a wide range of consumers in the market without leaving anyone in the family out. Target Market Esprit offers twelve product lines. The kids and edc youth by Esprit targets the younger children to teenagers. Esprit women and men casual target both sexes for casual wear. Esprit women and men collection target both sexes for adults who has entered the workforce. Esprit shoes ESP Esprit sports focus on athletes from strenuous sports such as running to more relaxed sports such as yoga. Esprit accessories comprise of collections such as bed sheets, towels, watches, key chains, caps, scarves, bags, wallets, perfume and umbrella. , , , , de corp ESPRIT URBAN CASUAL, edc by Esprit, edc men and. Esprit stores are not located along the rows of shops at shophouses or near the wet market as this might tarnish its brand image. Esprit stores are mainly in big shopping malls, in hotel arcades and in the heart of Singapore, Orchard Road. Esprit targets to the social class consumers Positioning Esprit’s franchise store concept is â€Å"A unique opportunity to join Esprit – a global fashion brand with a contemporary lifestyle image†. While being affordable, it does not lose its brand equity of being a branded brand. Esprit has production lines similar to its rivals such as Mango, Zara and Fox Fashion. Product Assortment Esprit comes in sizes from XS to XL. In Asia, at least in Singapore, that is the popular range of size given the small Asian built of the consumers. Even though Esprit has a wide range of products, it is also deep in terms of its depth of product assortment. It has products for the young children, teenagers, adult male and female casual and executives. Esprit shoes have footwear ranges from Mary Janes to flip flops. This focuses on both males and females consumers. Esprit has its own brand of towels. It is known for its soft and tender yet thick material. Store Atmospheric With the exception of a few, Esprit stores are usually located at Level 1 of the shopping mall such as Esprit Jurong Point, Esprit Great World City, Esprit Tampines 1, Esprit Tampines Mall and Esprit Bugis Junction. Esprit stores such as those in Tampines 1 and Tampines Mall, they are located at the main entrance and opening of the whole shopping mall. In Tampines Mall, the store is located at the entrance of the shopping mall which faces the Mass Rapid Train (MRT) station. That is where the human traffic is most congested. The two-storey Esprit store in Tampines 1 is located nearest to the main entrance. Upon entering an Esprit store, customers are greeted with a warm and lively tone of â€Å"Welcome! † and a smile. Esprit uses primary colors red, green and blue on their display sets. Other colors include black, white, pink and purple. The floor of an Esprit store is always parquet. Marketing Mix is likely the most famous marketing term. It is generally the use and specification of the four P’s of the marketing mix elements. They are price, place, product and promotion. Reference: http://en. wikipedia. org/wiki/Marketing_mix, assessed on 22 October 2009 http://www. marketingteacher. com/Lessons/lesson_marketing_mix. htm, assessed on 22 October 2009 http://www. esprit. com/index. php? command=Displaynavi_id=50, assessed on 22 October 2009 How to cite Espirit, Papers

Characteristics And Style Of Leadership Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Characteristics And Style Of Leadership. Answer: Introduction Leadership is defined as the creative ability to motivate individuals and accomplishing objectives of the organization. The leadership style has to be coherent and cohesive in nature that can help in influencing the behavior of individuals. The example of great leader is ANIL AMBANI who is one of the best leaders in the world of business. The aim and purpose is to ascertain the leadership qualities that are required in order to understand the requirements and importance of leadership as well. Characteristics and style of leadership Proper characteristics have to be inbuilt in the leaders of the organization as it is generally a group process and the tasks have to be delegated among the subordinates. Anil Ambani follows participative and delegative leadership style, as it will help in delegating the responsibilities among the individuals in the organization. It will build proper motivation and confidence among the individuals (Hallinger 2013). The characteristics of leadership help in understanding the process that can influence the behavior of individuals that involves more than two people who can handle the situations properly and tactfully (Edwards et al. 2015). Visions There are different visions proposed by Anil Ambani wherein he knows the correct way of handling and investing money at correct places. The most important element is modesty as this makes him the great leaders in the business world and he knows the way to handle both personal and professional life (Shattock 2013). The vision that has been proposed by Anil Ambani is handling money properly by investing money in correct places and balancing both personal and professional life. The most important aim in his life was modesty as this helped him in growing and achieving desired results accordingly as well. The different styles of leadership that are introduced are trait, behavioral, contingency as well as situational theory wherein there are various loopholes and advantages of each of the leadership styles that has been discussed in the presentation (Nanjundeswaraswamy and Swamy 2014). There are different kinds of challenges that are faced by Anil Ambani that includes controversial debates on influence vs. authority along with lack of feedback among the leaders (McCleskey 2014). The vision that has been proposed by Anil Ambani is handling money properly by investing money in correct places and balancing both personal and professional life. The most important aim in his life was modesty as this helped him in growing and achieve desired results accordingly as well. Strengths and weaknesses The strengths and weaknesses of the leaders are also discussed that includes bad acquisitions along with problems in the reputation. On the other hand, there are strengths as well that includes strong brand image and loyalty among the customers as well. The pricing power has to be made strong, as this will help in analyzing the loyalty of the customers and brand awareness as well. Furthermore, the weaknesses have to be ascertained such as reputation of the brand along with the reputation that can be hampered with improper usage of technologies. Qualities There are various good qualities of Anil Ambani such as he keeps his eyes open wherein he knows the right moment to grab the opportunities in the competitive market. His main aim is to perform the tasks rather than talking and slaying the important opportunities. There are important decisions that are taken by Anil Ambani about the growth of the industry or their business in the competitive market (Sethuraman and Suresh 2014). Anil Ambani is one of the great leaders in the entire business world as he created huge influence on the subordinates. The main aim of Anil Ambani was to motivate the individuals, as this will help them to achieve goals in the organization. The dream of Anil Ambani is to expand the business and meet the global giants in the company as well (Hallinger 2013). The joint venture by both Anil Ambani and Mukesh Ambani of introducing JIO helped them in attracting customers and gaining competitive advantage in the entire industry. They have given great competition to the other competitors in the industry and introduced JIO phones recently wherein all the facilities are provided to the customers. More than 16 million customers in the market are using JIO and they achieved strong customer base in the entire nation. Importance of leadership Leadership is essential in the organization as this will help in building confidence among the individuals in the organization and it will provide proper motivation and boosting morale among the individuals as well. It is important to create confidence among the individuals, as this will help in coordination at the workplace (Nanjundeswaraswamy and Swamy 2014). Different qualities of Anil Ambani help in making him one of the best leaders in the business world. Firstly, he tries to find solutions to different problems and solve it accordingly. His main motive is to perform the tasks and gain results in the business rather than talking and slaying the opportunities (Arnold et al. 2015). These kinds of leadership qualities of Anil Ambani helped him in introducing JIO in the world and it is now having more than 16 million customers. Conclusion Therefore, it can be inferred that proper improvement in the performance is required will acquire great leadership and leaders in the industry. Proper respect is required to be provided to the individuals in the organization, as this will help them in becoming a great leader. The proper and successive strategies related to development of the organization is required to be provided to the employees in the organization as it will help in gaining competitive advantage. Lastly, maintenance of proper momentum is required in the organization in order to generate proper reputation in the organization. Proper leadership is essential, as this will help in improving the performance of the entire organization. There has to be respect for the different cultures and it will help in maintaining proper momentum in the organization as well as in human beings. Lastly, proper strategies related to development are essential as this will help in understanding the requirements of the organizations and it will help in achieving desired results. References Hallinger, P., 2013. A conceptual framework for systematic reviews of research in educational leadership and management.Journal of Educational Administration,51(2), pp.126-149. McCleskey, J.A., 2014. Situational, transformational, and transactional leadership and leadership development.Journal of Business Studies Quarterly,5(4), p.117. Nanjundeswaraswamy, T.S. and Swamy, D.R., 2014. Leadership styles.Advances in management,7(2), p.57. Sethuraman, K. and Suresh, J., 2014. Effective leadership styles.International Business Research,7(9), p.165. Shattock, M., 2013. University governance, leadership and management in a decade of diversification and uncertainty.Higher Education Quarterly,67(3), pp.217-233.